Saturday, February 8, 2014

China vs America Beidou GPS precision electronic cigarette list

China vs America Beidou GPS precision electronic cigarette list British Today China defense, U.S. Global Insurance analysis said that although China is also a collaborative partner European Galileo program, but China does not actually slow down the construction steps Compass system. April 14, 2007, the first second-generation satellite lifted off from the Xichang launch successfully, according to NASA information revealed late last year, China in 2008 will be applied during the Long March 3A rocket to send at least two satellites into orbit. In accordance with the imaginary, Compass program is expected before 2020 contains five geostationary satellites and 30 satellites in high orbit, including a grand space network, the size of more than Russia and European counterparts, catching up with America's next-generation GPS system. By then, the world is bound to emerge in the field of satellite positioning, a quarter of the world pattern. Moreover, China precision Compass or may be comparable with the U.S. GPS, and Galileo is difficult to reach this level of China has resolved not to change their plans for new and improved frequency of Compass satellite system, which will cause great distress European Galileo Joint industries. December 2008, (ICG) International Committee on Global Satellite Systems in Pasadena, California held its third meeting, the meeting noted that while the United States and China to reach a consensus on some minor issues, but Europe is Can not make China change its Compass satellite frequency plan unless China is the first in favor of, or Galileo practice of public services (PublicRegulatedService) signals can not be used for military objectives. This is called the frequency coverage problem seems in China, in the Galileo names in European Qidan applied to them, but also to defraud their China actively participated in the Galileo project, I hope you can derive the benefits, but but found himself locked in the outside of the door, Galileo dominated institutions. The last time, China found its impact on the Galileo, far less than the impact of Japan and India, Global Satellite System, and the latter two countries did not even pay for the system being built by a signal amplification cents borrow former French President Jacques article? Chirac as saying that if the event continues this trend continues, then this is designed to prevent Europe becoming the United States' technological dependency system that will make the EU into a point by Chinese constraints. In fact, the reason why Europeans invited China to participate in Galileo project, because they believe that this will weaken U.S. power two sides together to lay the foundation article pointed out that the EU establish a Galileo satellite system confidence doubt. All along, the Europeans were able to in the future vitality of Europe post-American era, becoming the world's most important super-entity, and Galileo system is the cornerstone of the new Europe. Therefore, the article said, the Europeans will maintain research and development of the system, even if it would damage its relations with the United States or China's first, not only in Europe but feel depressed because of China, but also because the United States and outraged. This is due, declined for the realization of the Europeans and the Chinese pressure. It is the presence of irony, what Galileo does not consider the United States the greatest benefits. Currently, some European interlocutors even said the U.S. and Europe in 2004 to withdraw from the agreement the two sides signed the frequency of problems in Europe this is not the best to deal with the new Obama over the United States aware of the weaknesses of Chinese Beidou 2 Beware of the United States At present, China's second-generation systems research has gained catches the attention of development. Compass satellite system is likely to be before the Galileo operation. The article says that this is not surprising, because the efficiency of decision-making and the preparation of the EU's budget far less than China, but the unexpected is the accuracy of Chinese satellite systems can seem comparable with the U.S. GPS, and Galileo is very hard to reach this level. The article said that, if this information is proven, the U.S. and the EU is bound to cause China predicament agile feel exotic According to China Technology Development Zone, Asia Times reported that in 2015, China will complete its next-generation Beidou the 2nd Global satellite system construction. American experts believe that China's new generation satellite positioning system, once completed, will be promoted to enhance the role of the PLA combat play. Concerned about China's new generation Beidou system, while the United States also secretly studying how to improvise Chinese Beidou satellite since 2001, the U.S. Air Force Air and Space Command, on the basis of confidential communications satellite jamming system Scorpio early on developed a dedicated jammer, Only this jammer aligned Beidou satellite 1 system sends a large number of similar networks spam spam, it will make the satellite receiver is saturated, and thus unable to complete any location services. However, the Americans think this is probably the jammer on Beidou 2 system does not work, because most of the latter's use of satellites and GPS satellite positioning similar to passive mode, the satellite signals of not only income, then this it is difficult to fully suppress interference from the role, however, no one more aware of the weaknesses of global satellite positioning system than Americans, and that is faint signal ground receiving end, its strength is only equivalent to one billionth of a television signal strength. U.S. forces have conducted simulation experiments, if a similar AN/ALQ99 power as GPS jammers fitted to EA6B electronic warfare aircraft body, around a week in the East China Sea, then half of China's positioning signals are likely to be significant disruption. In addition, the U.S. military is still looking jamming technology, designed to mimic the Compass 2 satellite signal sent that, for the U.S. satellites can wrist, China is not without preparations. First, the Chinese Beidou 2 system will use the frequency and the United States or the European Galileo GPS system similar or even identical. China's satellite obstruction interference will definitely interfere with the implementation of its own positioning system. Second, China may follow anti-jamming technology on the GPS system. For example, the installation of the ground station signal absorption adaptive nulling antenna, this antenna enables improved anti-jamming capability of the receiver number of times. In addition, China and the United States could adopt a similar composite technology, even Beidou 2 system is disturbed, that does not affect the operation of the entire system BEIJING, Jan. 2, according to Wen Wei Po reported, China's satellite positioning application performance management center officials recently, After 2009 years ago, 12 satellite launch. View analysis, this means that China is engaged in Compass II cloth mesh work. By then, an array of satellite and GPS systems similar to the dozens of satellites, you can easily locate the ground without going through the central station passive location approached and precise signal transmission within the cm in It is reported that, compared with the current still running Compass, Compass II have the advantage in many aspects, including the ability to effectively avoid electromagnetic annoyance and attacks to achieve passive location. In addition, in terms of accuracy, Compass II can also be accurate to within centimeters of. China advantages of this technology will be widely used in the scene, transport, monitoring and other aspects of the application of satellite positioning, according to China Central Administration officials, the Beidou satellite positioning system developed for the construction of the second generation has entered a crucial stage. 2009 will launch multiple satellites, the completion of three years system network, and have the ability to simply run. On this basis will gradually develop into a global service. Future satellites not only in the military, but also in transportation, meteorology forecasting, land surveying and mapping as well as public safety and other areas will play an important role in system reliability of 99.98% As an important national information infrastructure and strategic facilities, satellite positioning system is an important symbol of the country's comprehensive national strength. December 2003, China developed its own design Compass satellite positioning system was completed and officially running, Compass accuracy within 10 meters learned that the Beidou satellite positioning system to run for five years, has accumulated to provide location-based services 250 million, 120 million times through traffic, timing service 25 million times, system robustness of 99.98%; has been successfully applied to 12 satellites water conservancy and hydropower, fisheries, transportation, weather forecasting and other areas of the Beidou satellite positioning system by 2009, the China's satellite positioning industry into an unprecedented period of fast development in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake relief, the Beidou satellite positioning system efforts to protect the relief troops move, cast a strange hand. Currently, the network users to break 40,000 by 2009 China will launch 12 Beidou satellites China Association for Global Positioning System technology, the official at the meeting said, entering the new century, China's satellite positioning industry is developing rapidly, and now constitute the receiver from the antenna, chip manufacturing, software development, electronic maps to the terminal device manufacturing production and A complete industrial chain operations services, the emergence of a large number of professionals engaged in the satellite positioning receiver hardware and software development and production, electronic map production, vehicle systems integration and other business enterprises and research units. Satellite positioning technology in the economic and social development more widely, from basic construction surveying, engineering exploration, digital city, digital resources in the area to visit many areas, land planning, transportation, earthquake monitoring, public safety and emergency management, etc. become the third largest IT economic growth point, following cellular mobile communications and the Internet later. In 2003, China's own built Beidou satellite positioning system that provides services for transportation, fishery, prospecting, forest fire and other areas of China and the surrounding area. In this year's Wenchuan earthquake disaster relief, the Beidou positioning system in the case of conventional communication suspended for relief forces to provide location-based services, delivering the latest disaster to headquarters in real time. The system also Orff meteorological monitoring plays an important role in national mapping Secretary Xu Deming attended the meeting. Xu Deming noted that the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, as the administrative part of the mapping, with the main obligations in promoting geographic positioning information industry development. You want to serve the country, Paul increase, expand domestic demand, adjust structure as the center, to develop policies and standards leading geographic information industry development as soon as possible, a perfect mapping and geographic information standards, vigorously promote independent innovation technology, accelerate the construction of Geographic Information Public Service Platform implementation of geographic information industry demonstration projects to promote geographic information industry, to lure more social capital investment, support enterprises bigger and stronger, promoting industrial standardization, scale development, and effectively improve the economic development of the geographic information industry dedication rate. To properly handle associated with the application of geographical information confidential, under the conditions of the protection of national peace, the development of socialization, of maps and geographic information products, encouraging the development of network-based geographic information services, has been satisfied with the public on national maps and geographic information product needs. To further strengthen harmonious cooperation with the relevant departments to jointly promote the development of the past two years and positioning industry, China's mobile communications industry, the automotive industry and the rapid development of intelligent transportation industry, has been issued with 600 million mobile phone users, automobile sales broke through the ten million . Rising car, mobile phone positioning, personal status service, modern logistics and other new services, so that the beginning of positioning products into the household, satellite positioning industry will enter a rapid development period. The data show that in 2007 China's satellite application and service output value reached 40 billion yuan, the total holdings of positioning terminal society more than 10 million, compared with a 2000 increase 10 times, electronic cigarette list:; electronic map covering 31 provincial administrative units, 333 prefecture-level administrative units, 2,858 county-level administrative units, covering km total range of more than 1.7 million kilometers, accounting for over 95% of kilometers away in the country, according to Chinese satellite engineering core, the official first Yung, around 2009 of a further 12 Beidou satellite launch, in 2010 for China's Beidou positioning system to supply basic services and the surrounding areas, on this basis, and gradually developed into a global service, which indicates that China has become the United States of America After Russia and Europe independently developed countries to establish satellite system Beidou system amazing features The conference organized by the China Association for Global Positioning System technology, the National Remote Sensing Center, China Satellite Engineering Center, Wuhan University, and other units. Ministry of Science and former Minister Xu Guanhua absent from the meeting and delivered a speech, the CPPCC National Committee, former deputy sent a congratulatory letter, sent a written statement of the CPPCC, former deputy Wang Wenyuan, deputy director of the China Satellite Engineering Center Ran Cheng, deputy director of the General Staff of the SMC Shen Hui Qun, Chinese Academy of Engineering SURVEYING Ning Chan attended the unveiling. December 19 to 20, the General Assembly held a high-end forum, expert forums and demonstrate new technologies and products will be exchanged. China Association for Global Positioning System technology during the General Assembly held a fourth secondary Council considered the matter. From national mapping, remote sensing, aerospace, transportation, automotive, earthquakes, weather, territorial, urban construction and other fields and universities, research institutes, more than 200 representatives to the meeting.

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